Tools & Orientation

These guidelines help better categorize information from the market. No recommendation, no substitute for professional advice.

Understanding Metrics

P/E ratio, P/B ratio, dividend yield, debt ratio – every number has limitations. Always compare within industry context and interpret with caution.

Reading Reports

Annual reports, quarterly earnings, and presentations provide details on revenue, margin, cash flow, risks. Important: Pay attention to footnotes and risk sections.

Making Risks Visible

Volatility, liquidity, concentration of individual stocks. Think scenarios: What happens with interest rate changes, recession, industry stress?

Sample Checklist

This list is purely informational. It does not replace individual review or advice, but can help with your own structuring.

  • Data BasisCheck source, timeliness, neutrality.
  • Industry ComparisonConsider metrics in sector context.
  • Balance Sheet & Cash FlowDebt, interest burden, free cash flow trend.
  • Risk ScenariosDependencies on interest rates, commodities, politics, supply chains.
Workspace with documents

Tools provide orientation but are not decision templates. Every investment remains risky.